Question
If a boy is going to marry a girl, what is the ruling if the boy is not present at the time of contracting the marriage? He is outside and the father of the boy gets together with the girl’s family and contracts the marriage on his son’s behalf. The boy’s parents then present the bride to him. Is such a marriage contracted without the boy’s physical presence legally valid?
Answer
If a father arranges a marriage for his son who suffers from some some mental disability or other obstacle that makes the son unable to enter into contracts on his own, and the father does so for a clear and reasonable consideration of the son's welfare or for the son’s need for marriage, then the marriage contract will be valid.
This, of course is provided that the other conditions for a valid marriage are fulfilled and that there are no other factors that would prevent or invalidate the marriage.
In the case of the son who has possession of his full mental and legal capacity, there are two situations:
Imam al-Bahûtî said: “If they (the contracting parties) depart from one another or engage in something else that is customarily understood to mean that the contracting session is over, then the (son’s) subsequent approval of the marriage will be invalid.” [Al-Rawd al-Murbi` (363)]
And Allah knows best.
This, of course is provided that the other conditions for a valid marriage are fulfilled and that there are no other factors that would prevent or invalidate the marriage.
In the case of the son who has possession of his full mental and legal capacity, there are two situations:
1. The son authorizes his father to contract a marriage on his behalf. This is permissible and the marriage so contracted will be valid.If the father executed a marriage contract for his son in his absence and the son afterwards approves of what his father did, the marriage will not be valid. The son’s assent must be received before the contracting parties conclude the marriage contract.
2. The second situation is where the father executes the marriage contract without authorization from his son. This will be impermissible, since the willing assent of the spouses is a condition in marriage. In this case the husband is not willingly accepting.
Imam al-Bahûtî said: “If they (the contracting parties) depart from one another or engage in something else that is customarily understood to mean that the contracting session is over, then the (son’s) subsequent approval of the marriage will be invalid.” [Al-Rawd al-Murbi` (363)]
And Allah knows best.
-islamtoday.net
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