Question
I was reading a hadîth regarding garlanding the sacrificial animal while performing Hajj. It is mentioned that the animals are garlanded with two sandals. Why the animals are garlanded with two sandals? I also read in some hadîth that the Companions used to sacrifice animal for `Umrah as well. However, I understand that sacrificing an animal is not obligatory for `Umrah.
Answer
There are two types of obligation regarding the slaughter of animals
The first is what becomes obligatory by way of a vow.
The second is what becomes obligatory by other reasons pertaining to the Hajj itself. Slaughtering an animal might be in lieu of combining Hajj with `Umrah either by making ihrâm for Hajj from Mecca (tamattu`) or by performing both Hajj and `Umrah on a single ihrâm (qirân). It could be by way of expiation for committing a mistake or abandoning something obligatory in Hajj.
In either case, if the person specifies the animal and says: “This is obligatory on me” then the sacrifice of that particular animal becomes obligatory. Specifying an animal may also be accomplished by garlanding it or announcing it as being appointed for sacrifice.
In the event that the animal dies or is stolen, the obligation remains upon the person who must sacrifice another animal in its stead.
Ibn `Abbâs said: “If you have to slaughter an animal that is obligatory on you and it becomes injured, then slaughter it and eat it if you like, give it away as gift if you like, or sell it if you like and use what you benefit from it to sacrifice another animal.”
Garlanding an animal can be accomplished by hanging sandals, a piece of leather, or something else around the neck of the camel, cow or sheep to indicate that it is dedicated for sacrifice. To do so is Sunnah.
`A’ishah said: “I twisted the garlands for the sacrificial animals of the Prophet. Then he marked and garlanded them and then sent them off to the House.” [Sahîh al-Bukhârî: (1696) and Sahîh Muslim (1321)]
Marking the animal to pierce the right side of the camel’s or cow’s hump by striking it and then smearing the blood so that it will be recognized as a sacrificial animal. This is also Sunnah.
Ibn `Abbâs relates that Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) observed the Zuhr prayer at Dhû al-Hulayfah; then called for his she-camel and marked it on the right side of its hump so that blood flowed and tied two sandals around its neck. [Sahîh Muslim (1243)]
As for performing `Umrah, it is not obligatory for a person to slaughter an animal for the `Umrah itself, unless he does so voluntarily.
If the person intends to do some voluntary act and does not do so, then there is no obligation upon him.
However, if he specifies the sacrifice of a particular animal by pronouncing it as such, for instance by declaring a specific camel, cow, or sheep to be dedicated for sacrifice or by garlanding it or marking it, then it will become obligatory on him to sacrifice that particular animal.
The obligation in this case will be for specific for the animal that is dedicated without any further liability remaining upon the person. Therefore, if the animal dies or suffers any affliction without it being the result of any aggression or neglect on the part of the person, or if the animal is stolen, then he will not be liable to sacrifice another animal in its stead.
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: “Whoever dedicates a sacrificial animal and it is lost, he does not have to replace it with another unless he wishes to. But if it was a vow, then he will have to replace it.” [Sunan al-Dârqutnî]
On the other hand, if he damages the animal through his own action or it comes to harm as a result of his neglect after he has dedicated it for sacrifice, then he will liable for indemnity.
And Allah knows best.
The first is what becomes obligatory by way of a vow.
The second is what becomes obligatory by other reasons pertaining to the Hajj itself. Slaughtering an animal might be in lieu of combining Hajj with `Umrah either by making ihrâm for Hajj from Mecca (tamattu`) or by performing both Hajj and `Umrah on a single ihrâm (qirân). It could be by way of expiation for committing a mistake or abandoning something obligatory in Hajj.
In either case, if the person specifies the animal and says: “This is obligatory on me” then the sacrifice of that particular animal becomes obligatory. Specifying an animal may also be accomplished by garlanding it or announcing it as being appointed for sacrifice.
In the event that the animal dies or is stolen, the obligation remains upon the person who must sacrifice another animal in its stead.
Ibn `Abbâs said: “If you have to slaughter an animal that is obligatory on you and it becomes injured, then slaughter it and eat it if you like, give it away as gift if you like, or sell it if you like and use what you benefit from it to sacrifice another animal.”
Garlanding an animal can be accomplished by hanging sandals, a piece of leather, or something else around the neck of the camel, cow or sheep to indicate that it is dedicated for sacrifice. To do so is Sunnah.
`A’ishah said: “I twisted the garlands for the sacrificial animals of the Prophet. Then he marked and garlanded them and then sent them off to the House.” [Sahîh al-Bukhârî: (1696) and Sahîh Muslim (1321)]
Marking the animal to pierce the right side of the camel’s or cow’s hump by striking it and then smearing the blood so that it will be recognized as a sacrificial animal. This is also Sunnah.
Ibn `Abbâs relates that Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) observed the Zuhr prayer at Dhû al-Hulayfah; then called for his she-camel and marked it on the right side of its hump so that blood flowed and tied two sandals around its neck. [Sahîh Muslim (1243)]
As for performing `Umrah, it is not obligatory for a person to slaughter an animal for the `Umrah itself, unless he does so voluntarily.
If the person intends to do some voluntary act and does not do so, then there is no obligation upon him.
However, if he specifies the sacrifice of a particular animal by pronouncing it as such, for instance by declaring a specific camel, cow, or sheep to be dedicated for sacrifice or by garlanding it or marking it, then it will become obligatory on him to sacrifice that particular animal.
The obligation in this case will be for specific for the animal that is dedicated without any further liability remaining upon the person. Therefore, if the animal dies or suffers any affliction without it being the result of any aggression or neglect on the part of the person, or if the animal is stolen, then he will not be liable to sacrifice another animal in its stead.
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: “Whoever dedicates a sacrificial animal and it is lost, he does not have to replace it with another unless he wishes to. But if it was a vow, then he will have to replace it.” [Sunan al-Dârqutnî]
On the other hand, if he damages the animal through his own action or it comes to harm as a result of his neglect after he has dedicated it for sacrifice, then he will liable for indemnity.
And Allah knows best.
-islamtoday.net
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